\[ \begin{align}\begin{aligned}\newcommand{\ba}{\boldsymbol{a}}
\newcommand{\bb}{\boldsymbol{b}}
\newcommand{\be}{\boldsymbol{e}}
\newcommand{\bw}{\boldsymbol{w}}
\newcommand{\bx}{\boldsymbol{x}}
\newcommand{\by}{\boldsymbol{y}}
\newcommand{\bz}{\boldsymbol{z}}
\newcommand{\bd}{\boldsymbol{d}}
\newcommand{\bv}{\boldsymbol{v}}
\newcommand{\bs}{\boldsymbol{s}}\\\newcommand{\btheta}{\boldsymbol{\theta}}
\newcommand{\bbeta}{\boldsymbol{\beta}}
\newcommand{\bgamma}{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}
\newcommand{\bsigma}{\boldsymbol{\sigma}}
\newcommand{\md}{\mbox{d}}
\newcommand{\bmu}{\boldsymbol{\mu}}
\newcommand{\bone}{\boldsymbol{1}}
\newcommand{\trans}{^{\rm\scriptsize T}}
\newcommand{\var}{\mathrm{var}}\\\newcommand{\bA}{\boldsymbol{A}}
\newcommand{\bB}{\boldsymbol{B}}
\newcommand{\bC}{\boldsymbol{C}}
\newcommand{\bD}{\boldsymbol{D}}
\newcommand{\bG}{\boldsymbol{G}}
\newcommand{\bI}{\boldsymbol{I}}
\newcommand{\bM}{\boldsymbol{M}}
\newcommand{\bP}{\boldsymbol{P}}
\newcommand{\bS}{\boldsymbol{S}}
\newcommand{\bU}{\boldsymbol{U}}
\newcommand{\bW}{\boldsymbol{W}}
\newcommand{\bX}{\boldsymbol{X}}
\newcommand{\bY}{\boldsymbol{Y}}
\newcommand{\bZ}{\boldsymbol{Z}}
\newcommand{\cotp}{\textcolor[RGB]{48,209,88}{TP}}
\newcommand{\cotn}{\textcolor[RGB]{100,210,255}{TN}}
\newcommand{\cofp}{\textcolor[RGB]{94,92,230}{FP}}
\newcommand{\cofn}{\textcolor[RGB]{191,90,242}{FN}}\\\newcommand{\numcotp}{\textcolor[RGB]{48,209,88}{50}}
\newcommand{\numcotn}{\textcolor[RGB]{100,210,255}{30}}
\newcommand{\numcofp}{\textcolor[RGB]{94,92,230}{10}}
\newcommand{\numcofn}{\textcolor[RGB]{191,90,242}{10}}
\DeclareMathOperator*{\argmin}{arg\,min}\end{aligned}\end{align} \]
习题参考答案索引#
本页集中给出所有设有练习的正文文件的答案链接。每个答案文件都包含返回正文练习区和返回本索引的链接。参考答案强调推导路径、程序结构与核验标准；开放性实验题允许不同实现，但必须遵守正文的数据划分、维度和可复现性约定。